The God Particle by Leon Lederman

Author:Leon Lederman [Lederman, Leon]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (www.hmhco.com)
Published: 2015-01-15T05:00:00+00:00

Lawrence worked out the theory of the cyclotron in 1929 and 1930. Later he designed, on paper, a machine in which the protons made a hundred turns with a generation of 10,000 volts across the D-gap. That would give him a beam of 1 MeV protons (10,000 volts × 100 turns = 1 MeV). Such a beam would be "useful for the studies of atomic nuclei." The first model, actually constructed by Stanley Livingston, one of Lawrence's students, came up considerably short, reaching 80 KeV (80,000 volts). Lawrence then went big-time. He obtained a huge grant ($1,000!) to build a machine that could produce nuclear disintegrations. The pole pieces (the north and south pole pieces of the magnet) were ten inches in diameter and in 1932 the machine accelerated protons to an energy of 1.2 MeV. These were used to produce nuclear collisions in lithium and other elements only a few months after Cockcroft and Walton's group at Cambridge. Second place, but Lawrence still lit a cigar.

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